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Age of Iron

Fifteen Eighty Four

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  • 6 Sep 2019
    Edward Roberts

    Individuality and history in the ‘age of iron’: Flodoard of Rheims

    The decades following the demise of the Carolingian Empire in 888 were traditionally seen as a downward spiral of political fragmentation and cultural stagnation: a ‘mind-the-gap’ period between the ninth-century Carolingian achievement and the intellectual vibrancy and royal assertiveness of the eleventh and twelfth centuries. The humanist Lorenzo Valla famously described this period as ‘an […]

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