John Potter: Enabling further exploration is very much what the book’s about, given that we’ve left most of it out…. The main sub-topics are inevitably determined by our respective expertise, but there are various points where we strayed into each other’s territory. I was particularly interested in the history of chazzanut. In this I was helped and inspired by cantor Larry Josefovitz, who’d contacted me a couple of years ago to point out (very tactfully) that in my book on tenors I hadn’t really done Jewish singing justice. I knew something of cantorial history but I’d never understood how a tradition that starts in the Middle East managed to end up producing quasi (or actual) opera singers. For reasons that are on the one hand perhaps understandable and on the other totally baffling, chazzanut is almost invisible (or rather inaudible) to most non-Jews. There’s an amazing example here:

Neil was largely responsible for the Wagner section. In fact, had he had his way it would have been even more Wagnerian in size and scope, but that would have meant I’d have had to expand the pre-Wagner material proportionately, which in turn would have changed the western-non-Western balance.

The question of balance was one that gave us considerable thought. We’d divided the workload so that we wrote roughly half each, but that would obviously mean that Western art music would form the largest single part. As a counter-balance to this it made much more sense for Neil to home in on a small number of vocal varieties, especially those that had parallels with the western tradition. That left us with the problem of accounting for the bits of the world that we hadn’t touched, and the risk of appearing to trivialize other varieties we wanted to include that were outside the grand traditions. Our solution was to take two lines of latitude (not chosen entirely by chance) and make a couple of circuits of the globe, shining a brief light on the vocal traditions we came across on the way. The northern excursion, for example, starts with flamenco and fado:

Then we work our way across Europe via folk polyphony. We include singing from:

• Corsica
  
• Sardinia
  
• Bulgaria
  
• and Georgia
  

Last but certainly not least, we go to Asia and Asia to the Pacific coast:

• Mongolian overtone singing
  
• Chinese opera
  

Ultimately my co-author Neil and I hope the book will encourage people to explore further. As we keep saying (and as reviewers keep repeating back to us): it’s a history – one of an infinite number of possible narratives.

Read Part One.

John Potter is a singer and writer. He currently maintains a portfolio of freelance performance projects and also coaches vocal ensembles and choirs all over the world. He spent twelve years as a lecturer at the University of York and is now an independent performer and scholar, researching all aspects of the voice. Check out his website.

Neil Sorrell is Senior Lecturer in Music at the University of York. He specializes in Asian music and has written, broadcast and lectured extensively on Indian and Javanese music. He co-founded and directed the English Gamelan Orchestra, the first group of British musicians dedicated to the study, composition and performance of music for the Javanese gamelan.